So you're having BMW E46 Brake Shakes, huh?

BMW BRAKE SHAKES

Is your steering wheel quakin' in its boots? Tie the laces!

The newest BMW E46 is now 10 years old. Many are older. These cars are built to high standards but they're also built as light as possible with light and sometimes thin materials. These can make it easy for slight imperfections to cause strong vibrations. The easy answer is to replace everything. But some are on a budget. So you'll have more work to do. It's important you fully maintain the suspension and verify the maintenance and operation of your vehicle. The basics of this apply to any car. 

Vibration checklist

1) Balancing 

If your vibrations start around 60mph and get worse as you go faster, this is typically the result of poor balancing. You may say, "But Mango! My wheels ARE balanced." Try another shop. Not all balance jobs are created equal. Some shops do not regularly calibrate their machines. Yes, the machines that balance your wheels need to be "balanced" themselves. Go to a larger tire store for this as their equipment is more likely to be kept-in-check. Don't rely on some small shop all the time. Some people prefer road-force balancing where a load is placed on the wheel to replicate its intended use.

2) Wheels 

OEM wheels are your best bet as far as avoiding vibration. The reason is OEM wheels are hub-centric from the factory and this makes easy to center correctly prior to applying a clamping force (torque) to the wheels. Also be sure to thoroughly clean, and if necessary lightly sand, all mating surfaces. This includes the wheel mounting face where it touches the hub and the hub surface itself. There should not be any corrosion at this interface. It must be medical-grade clean for full safety and vibration free driving. Check periodically as corrosion can build. The corrosion could crush which would reduce the biting area of the wheel to hub. This can be dangerous. If you have aftermarket wheels, try purchasing the appropriate sized wheel mounting rings (aka hubcentric rings) to assist in centering the wheels. These, as far as I know, are not crucial to the loading of the wheel, but simply to assist in centering the wheel only. If you feel you need them for safety, by all means, buy them. Make sure wheels are true and round with no damage or bumps. Make sure the wheels are evenly torqued down in a star pattern using proper fasteners and torque values. 90 lbs is what I use. Make sure your torque wrench is accurate. 

3) Tires 

Needless to say, make sure your tires are of high quality and name brand. Make sure there's no bubbles or high or low spots on the sidewall or tread itself. Newer tires are better. Ensure they are inflated to the proper pressure and there's no flat spotting from donuts or track driving.

4) Control Arm Bushings 

50k miles or you don't know how old they are, replace them. If visually worn, replace them. If there is movement in them when the wheel is grabbed, replace them. If you get a clunk when you tap the brake sharply, it's the control arm bushings usually. Replace them.

5) Control Arms 

These have balljoints. Replace them if damaged or broken or loose.

6) Tierods

I don't see these as a common cause for vibrations but I suppose in theory, it could happen. Replace them.

7) Wheel Bearings (at the request of the two posters who mentioned)

A wheel bearing can also cause vibrations. Particularly, you will hear a low rumble get louder as you turn left or right as the bearing is loaded up. 

8) Brakes

If your wheel shakes as you brake, all the above could contribute, however you might have Bunk Brakes. But Mango, I've replaced my brake pads and rotors! Ohh, did you now? Well I ask this. What brand? If you used low quality aftermarket, or aftermarket products generally perceived as "good" but suck anyway (BammerBrasCo, eBay, Autozone brand, Poodleman Drilled and Spotted and Dotted etc), then yes they can cause your brake shakes. What causes brake shakes, Mango?

Not warping. Not that rotors CAN'T warp, it's just next to virtually impossible. Particularly with our large rotors. The problem is PAD DEPOSITS. With quality brake parts, it's HARD to get pad deposits to the point of causing brake shakes. CrappyBoy pads can overheat QUICKLY causing DEPOSITS to form. This is why your generic BunkBoy pads caused deposits which caused vibration.

QUALITY BRAKE PARTS ONLY, ya hear?

Here are my recommendations for brakes. Check yourself to see what works best for you.

BEST: Genuine BMW Factory Pads and Rotors

Very good: Brembo, ATE, Jurid

Acceptable: Meyle, Stoptech, Zimmerman, BMW Performance rotors 

Poor: eBay generic, Autozone, BimmerBro etc. (generic BMW store enthusiast brands), anything non-BMW drilled/slotted 

Also if you still get vibrations using QUALITY brake parts, you could also have a stuck caliper which is causing your pad to glaze the rotor. You can also be highlighting any other deficiencies in your suspension as noted above.

By definition, if all the above are checked, verified, and ensured, then you should not have any vibrations.

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Mango's Rules to modding your E46 - A Guide to E46 Modding!

So you wanna mod your E46 huh? 

by e46mango

Most high-end luxury-sporty car manufacturers design their cars with balance in mind.  BMW is no exception.  The E46 in its day was praised the world over by fans and automotive journalists alike. The reason for this praise is due to the high level of driveability, performance, and comfort BMW struck so well for its cars, particularly the E46 model.  We all know this, and by and large the reason we all bought these cars.

Now, don't get me wrong, I love modding as much as the next guy.  My very own 330i had many modifications done to it, but largely those that improved the driveability or performance, but not in such a way that would have excessive detriment or cost-efficacy. Some of my favorite mods were parts that BMW designed -- M3 engine/trans mounts, M3 RTABs, M3 quad balljoints.  If you can grab your mods from your manufacturer's tuner parts bin, that's ideal. You know it's tested and proven. Other favorite mods of mine are Bilstein Sport dampers.  These are a superior mod over other brands like Koni for several reasons.  Here's my recommendations for the following popular mods.

Intakes
Our non-M M54 engines have extremely well designed airboxes. They strike an effective balance between air flow, NVH control, induction temps. You affect one, you usually affect the other.

BMW has a full engineering staff at their disposal with nearly limitless resources and secret internal supercomputer-derived data on which they design their powertrain systems and sub-systems on. The stock intake is the business!  The filter element used is more than large enough for the demand placed on it by our 2.5 and 3.0L engines. The stock intake is designed to pull in cold air with a ram air effect. Our engines are maximized for efficiency at low to mid RPMs in concert with VANOS and the DISA and as such, the intake is tuned with this overall system in mind. You wouldn't want to break up BMW's symphony, do you? Low to mid RPMs is the M54's happy spot. Why screw with that? Your VANOS, DISA, and manifold design work in harmony to provide low-mid range grunt and response and you want to throw a curveball into that with your untested filter on a stick?  Any $200-300 intakes you buy (assuming it's a well designed one) may give you 1-3hp at the very top of the rev range at redline, but you'll likely suffer a bit at low RPM, particularly with throttle response as one of my good friends experienced with his high end < Insert popular expensive intake brand here >.  The lesser of the evils is the BMW performance intake where it's said to make a good sound--however the draw back is these have been known to go over $1,000.  With many aftermarket intakes, you have the threat of ingesting water and hydrolocking the engine.  And finally, many are illegal, particularly in California.  Is that expensive intake worth it for the added noise and attention from cops it just brought you?  In my younger modding days, I had a cop ask me to pop my hood before.  It's not fun!  I've also removed my fair share of aftermarket intakes for E46 members here. In short, they got tired of the added noise, fitment issues, constantly having to jerk them off to stay on the car, etc. Most of all, they hated the throttle response.

Approved
Drop in dry filter from high end company
BMW Performance Intake

Not Approved
K&N or anything oiled
All aftermarket intake systems

Exhausts and headers
The stock system is well designed including heavy duty corrosion resistant materials and double wall design. And if you delete the stock butterfly valve on 330 models, you can get a nice deep rumble if you desire a sporty sound and maximum flow!  If you must mod, go with stock ZHP exhaust which includes butterfly delete and different tips! The muffling chamber also creates a nice sound as well. As far as headers, only stock.  If you must mod, pull from another BMW model.  The point is you need high quality BMW parts with stock cats.  Do the responsible thing for the environment! Also stay legal and avoid headaches.

Approved
Stock exhaust
330i exhaust
330i exhaust butterfly delete
ZHP muffler

Not approved
Anything aftermarket* (Unless your car is full time race car or your state has no applicable laws or restrictions) Not worth it.

Suspension
This type of mod I believe has a larger window of cost-effective modding.  The stock suspension is wonderful beyond words. Strikes a nice balance. But particularly on non-M models, it's a bit more on the comfort side but still plenty capable especially with sport models. Believe me, I had a sport E46 brand new from the factory. Sublime handling! Go with BMW ///M or ///M3 parts if possible!

Approved
BMW ///M
BMW ///M3
Stock BMW sport
Bilstein Sport
Rogue Engineering (RSM)
H&R
Eibach
ST
KW
Turner Motorsports
Vorshlag
(May have missed a few big/high end names but you get the idea)

Not approved
Any generic stuff from ebay including those aftermarket R9, TR, GH, or whatever coilovers kids use.  They've been known to bust welds while going 90 mph and flip BMWs over. Not to mention perform like poo. Stay away from generic.  Any other unknown custom "enthusiast" put together kits unless those parts are publicly listed online so we know how safe it is.  You see stuff from certain stores that make you scratch your head, sometimes they throw in meh stuff with good stuff?

Brakes
I wrote an article here: http://www.e46mango.com/2016/08/so-you-wanna-install-new-brakes-on-your.html

I'll quote the takeaway here: For 99.99% of your driving, the stock BMW brakes are optimum, in my opinion.  Sure you can get some race pads and gain marginal increases in pedal feel, consistency namely after high-speed repetitive stops, but for a daily driven car, consider that these upgraded "race" brake pads may not provide the consistency and quality of braking stock pads deliver, particularly in "cold" temperatures you will normally see on the street.

The last thing you want is to T-bone a car that pulled out in front of you on the way to work because your "race" pads needed 10 repetitive stops on the track in order to become immediately effective.  Race pads also tear into rotors and make a ton of noise.  There's usually a price to pay when you gain performance.

These are my personal recommendations on these BMW E46 brake parts:

BEST: Genuine BMW Factory Pads and Rotors
Very good: Brembo, ATE, Jurid
Acceptable: Meyle, Stoptech, Zimmerman, BMW Performance rotors
Poor: eBay generic, Autozone, BimmerBro etc. (generic BMW store enthusiast brands), anything non-BMW drilled/slotted

Sound System
Keep it stock or go with the pre-designed direct plug and play system by popular companies. I think the name starts with a B?

Stay away from those dyna-whatevers, android whatevers, and cheesy single din-enclosures. I stayed stock and installed an adapted aux interface and called it a day.

Everyone obviously can spend their money how they want.  But I would say here are...

Mango's rules to modding!

1) Spend wisely.  Make sure your mods are worth it relative to what they give you. On a performance car, you should emphasize performance.  Does $300 get you 3HP? Ask yourself, "is it worth it?" That's money you'll never get back. At least make sure it delivers a return on performance!

2) Stay legal.  Not worth risking spending even MORE money on top of already poorly spent money when you get a ticket and have to face a judge.

3) Stay responsible.  Your mod might be cheap and legal, such as heavily stanced and cambered wheels. But it may not be responsible.  Are you risking spinning your E46 out of control as soon as your overly stiff, overly low, overly wheeled and tired, and overly cambered E46 spins into a tree or worse yet, into a family of four?  Remember your choices can affect others.

When servicing your E46, be sure to follow proper procedures! Many love this BMW service manual--rave reviews